Foreign-trade bank

A licensed bank serving corporate foreign-trade clients: fiat in and out plus the settlement leg, with the digital part hidden from the client.

What the foreign-trade bank does

A licensed bank serves foreign-trade clients who prefer to work through a familiar bank rather than directly with settlement tokens. The digital part of settlement is hidden from the client — to them it is an ordinary currency payment.

Direct fiat conversion

Accepts the client's payment order in their currency and arranges the cross-currency payment on their behalf. The client does not handle tokens — they interact only with their own bank.

Hides the digital part

Takes on the fiat in/out and the settlement part on behalf of the corporate client. To the client it all looks like a standard currency payment through a settlement account.

Runs currency control

Supports client operations with currency control, documents, and certificates as required by the national regulator — within its active banking licence.

Connects to the infrastructure

Buys settlement tokens of the required currencies from an issuer or liquidity provider and connects to the Surelle infrastructure via API. On-chain it is a direct participant with foreign-trade servicing privileges.

How a currency payment flows

From the client's order to credit of the recipient. For the client it is one currency payment; the settlement mechanics are performed by the bank on the infrastructure.

The diagram is illustrative and simplifies the actual flow.

1
Client order
The client submits a payment order to the bank in their currency, with the foreign recipient's details and contract documents.
2
Fiat -> token conversion
The bank converts the client's fiat into a settlement token at an issuer or liquidity provider — the bank does not issue tokens itself and does not hold 1:1 reserves.
3
Exchange via dCLS
For a cross-currency payment the bank exchanges one currency's token for another via dCLS — atomically, at a rate known in advance.
4
Reverse conversion
On the recipient's side the bank performs the reverse conversion of the token into fiat at an issuer or liquidity provider of the required currency.
5
Credit to the recipient
The recipient abroad receives funds in their currency. The obligation under the client's payment order is settled the same business day.

Income sources

Income is generated by currency servicing of foreign-trade clients. The direction of income is described qualitatively, without rates or fees in figures.

Conversion markup

The main source — the bank's own markup on the conversion rate when buying and selling currency for the client, on top of the rate obtained via the infrastructure.

Banking fees

Fees for currency servicing: currency control, preparing documents and certificates, maintaining foreign-trade client accounts at the bank's rates.

Client funds in transit

Income on the client's funds held temporarily in the bank's settlement account between the order and credit to the recipient.

Related products

Related banking products for foreign-trade clients: trade financing, guarantees, letters of credit, escrow.

The direction of income is shown qualitatively. Specific terms are agreed at partner onboarding.

Issuer vs foreign-trade bank: the difference

Both roles work with settlement tokens, but differently. The issuer issues tokens and holds the reserve; the foreign-trade bank buys them and uses them for client payments.

Issuing bank

Issues settlement tokens of its currency and redeems them at par. Holds fiat reserves with 1:1 backing and is responsible for the collateral. It is the settlement node for a currency in its jurisdiction.

Foreign-trade bank

Does not issue tokens and does not hold 1:1 reserves. Buys ready tokens from an issuer or liquidity provider and uses them for the currency payments of its corporate clients.

A single bank can combine both roles, but these are different functions with a different legal basis. The specific model is determined at onboarding.

Legal basis

What is required

An active banking and currency licence, including foreign-trade servicing. Its own compliance, currency control, and AML follow the requirements of the national regulator.

Division of responsibility

Surelle/4pay is a technology provider without a licence of its own. The licensed banking activity and regulatory responsibility rest with the resident bank.

Access to settlement tokens

The bank enters partnership agreements with issuers and liquidity providers to access tokens of the required currencies; integration with the Surelle infrastructure runs via API. Terms are set at onboarding.

This information is for reference only and is not legal or investment advice. The specific legal classification is determined at KYB onboarding and depends on the jurisdiction.